| Management & Utilization of problem soils |
Soil conditions of denuded hills in Chittagong & CHTs………………………………………………………
· Legally most denuded hills are the USF although considerable quantities of such lands have the legal status of reserved forest, protected forest & vested forest.
· The lands are mostly in deteriorated condition due to cutting & lopping, excessive grazing, unregulated felling & shifting cultivation.
· Retrogression is conspicuous in these hills.
· Sun grass along with few valuable trees & bushes is the most common form of vegetation in these hills.
· The afforestation of these hills has become as urgent need in catchment areas of dams & reservoirs for reducing the rate of siltation of those extremely costly structure, thereby prolonging their useful life.
Management system for the afforestation of denuded hills……………………………………………………
· Closure of grazing & effective protection is usually essential to successful regeneration.
· The locally growing species should be given preference.
· In slopes, contour planting & patch planting have been found very effective when well rooted stokes are used.
· Weeding should be done in passage/strips or spot & mulching must be done to reduce the rate of erosion & to increase the rate of infiltration in soil.
· Planting should be in closer spacing. Instead of 6`*6` spacing, 4`*4` can be used.
· Finally, steep slopes should be kept under permanent vegetation & no clearing & harvesting should be done there.
· Mixed culture planting should be practiced & Nitrogen fixing trees should be given.
Choice of species………………………..for denuded areas
· Low lying areas……………….kadam, kanjal etc.
· Slope or ridge…………………koroi, minjiri, gamar , pitraj etc.
· Valleys…………………………...Teak, garjan, chapalish, ckichrashi etc.
· Sun grass growing areas……...minjiri, dhakijam, koroi etc.
Finally, for afforestation of denuded hills, trees with dense foliage & hardiest in nature should be chosen.
Importance of stabilizing & reclaiming landslips………………………………………
· Landslips are of common accurance in the hills of Bangladesh during rainy season. On the river bank it is also found.
· As a result of this hazard, roads are often blocked; drainage system clogged & important structures such as embankment, dams etc are threatened.
· Therefore, the stabilization of hills & other landslip are prone areas is very important. This may involve a combination of engine erring work & afforestation.
Methods of landslips………………………………………………………………………….
· The first essential step is to divert waters courses from the slip & beginning high up near the sources trout & this is also a preliminary necessity for the afforestation work.
· Planting may be commenced at once on the usually denuded slopes above the slips & then on the more stable parts.
· Within the actual slips areas are grazing should be prohibited.
· Planting should be done in closed spacing such as 3`*3`, 4`*4` etc, instead of conventional 6`*6`.
Selection of species………………………………………………………………….
· Green stakes of species which will strike root should be used freely both singly & as part of the brushwood barriers.
· In BGD condition, Bombax ceiba, Erythrina indica etc, are very effective while in Nepal Alnus nepalensis ‘s cutting of brunch have shown good result in stabilizing landslips.
· The first step of fixing soil will be the covering of land with anything that will grow. The local shrubs, scramblers & grasses which are doing well on similar sites in the neighborhood should be used frequently.
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| Prepared by Rasel 23 |
